Which timber products have the lowest embodied carbon?

Solid sawn timber has the lowest embodied carbon of any structural material, with production emissions of approximately 50–80 kg CO₂/m³ offset by sequestration of 210 kg CO₂/m³, giving a net negative value of –130 to –160 kg CO₂/m³. Glulam adds approximately 30–50 kg CO₂/m³ for adhesive and additional processing.

Solid sawn timber has the lowest embodied carbon of any structural material, with production emissions of approximately 50–80 kg CO₂/m³ offset by sequestration of 210 kg CO₂/m³, giving a net negative value of –130 to –160 kg CO₂/m³. Glulam adds approximately 30–50 kg CO₂/m³ for adhesive and additional processing. CLT adds approximately 50–80 kg CO₂/m³. All remain significantly carbon-negative compared to steel (+1,500–2,000 kg CO₂/m³) and reinforced concrete (+200–400 kg CO₂/m³).

Why this matters

This question relates to Net Zero Buildings: The Role of Timber in Decarbonisation, which covers the broader topic in detail. Understanding this specific aspect helps architects, builders, and timber dealers make informed specification decisions.

For full context and additional technical detail, see our comprehensive guide:

→ Net Zero Buildings: The Role of Timber in Decarbonisation

Related questions

• How does timber help achieve net zero buildings?
• What is the difference between operational and embodied carbon?
• How much carbon does a timber building store?

About this answer

This answer is part of the PuurModulair Knowledge Base — comprehensive timber specification guidance for architects, builders, and dealers across the UK, EU, and Scandinavia.